• If you have a Chromebook with a Ryzen processor, this process has a much lower success rate. If possible, use a different computer or if you must, a Chromebook with an Intel processor.

• If you're using a USB-C to Lightning cable for this process, there's a chance you'll face some trouble getting into DFU mode. If that happens, get yourself a USB-A to Lightning cable and, if needed, grab a USB-C to USB-A adapter as well.

• You must enable Developer Mode on your Chromebook for this process to work.

Getting What You Need

1. All you need is to download the latest release of palera1n.

Allowing palera1n to Run

1. Time to get the palera1n binary in the right place. Move the downloaded file to /usr/local/bin.

   • Here's what you need to do:

     • Press Ctrl + Alt + T to open the terminal.

     • Type in shell.

     • Run the command mv ~/Downloads/palera1n-linux-* /usr/local/bin/.

2. Now, in the terminal, run the command sudo mount -o remount,exec /tmp. You'll need to do this every time you reboot your Chromebook.

3. Whenever you're ready to jailbreak, make sure your device is connected and manually enter Recovery Mode. You can easily find instructions on how to do this with a quick Google search.

Running palera1n

1. Open the terminal and execute the palera1n binary using TERM=linux sudo palera1n. If the binary doesn't work, you might need to run sudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/palera1n.

2. After this, palera1n should automatically detect your device in Recovery Mode and ask you to press Enter.

3. Follow the instructions to put your device into DFU mode.

4. As soon as you see the Apple logo on your device, unplug it, and then plug it back in. This will allow your Chromebook to detect the PongoOS USB device.

Just remember, it's an experimental process, so be prepared for any unexpected bumps along the way.

Step 0 - Set a custom password

This step is not required if you've already set a custom password for your Crostini container.

Run sudo passwd user, where user is your username.

Step 1 - Install zsh and setting as default shell

...whether it be from your package manager of choice, or from source.

Then, simply run this command to add zsh's binary to /etc/shells: command -v zsh | sudo tee -a /etc/shells

Now, set it as your default shell: chsh -s $(which zsh)

Step 2 - Install Starship Prompt

Run curl -fsSL https://starship.rs/install.sh | bash to start the installation.

To add Starship's init script to your .zshrc file, simply run one last command: echo $(starship init zsh) >> ~/.zshrc

Congrats, you're done!

Enjoy your new beautiful and blazing fast prompt with the power of Rust and zsh!

If so, the fix is quite simple. First, locate the Tools section on the top bar of the Arduino IDE.

Then, hover over the Port option.

As you can see here, my Arduino UNO is located on serial port /dev/ttyACM3. Let's try uploading the sketch again.

The sketch is now uploaded! If you enjoyed this tutorial, and found it helpful, like it and share it with a friend!

1. Opening the .bashrc file

The .bashrc file is short for "bash run commands". It can be located in your home directory at ~/.bashrc. It contains a few preset configurations already. For this tutorial, I will be using Nano as my primary text editor. You can install it on Ubuntu and Debian using the command listed below.

sudo apt install nano -y

We can now cd to our home directory and run the listed below command to open our .bashrc file.

nano .bashrc

2. Adding aliases

I recommend putting aliases at the end of your .bashrc file. To get to the end of a file in Nano, press Ctrl+V repeatedly until you reach the end. Let's make a command alias for asciinema. asciinema is a terminal recorder that I use often to capture command errors and demonstrate my Python scripts. I will call this alias asc, as the provided command, asciinema is quite lengthy. I will write the below listed code and explain it.

# Command aliases
alias asc='asciinema'

alias signals to Bash that the next word is a command alias. asc is the name of the alias. The = means the rest of the line defines the alias. 'asciinema' defines the action that the alias carries out.

Now that we are done, save and close the file in Nano by typing Ctrl+X, y, and Enter.

3. Testing it out

Now let's see if our alias works. First, close your current bash session and open a new one. This reloads the .bashrc file with the new configuration.

onx@penguin:~$ asc rec
asciinema: recording asciicast to /tmp/tmpaliz0fko-ascii.cast
asciinema: press <ctrl-d> or type "exit" when you're done
onx@penguin:~$ echo hello world!
hello world!
onx@penguin:~$ echo awesome! it works!
awesome! it works!
onx@penguin:~$ exit
exit
asciinema: recording finished
asciinema: press <enter> to upload to asciinema.org, <ctrl-c> to save locally

View the recording at:

    https://asciinema.org/a/lPYgTBguPVz4g27KnuXO5pLTB

You can go view the recording for yourself if you like :)

4. You're done!

Congratulations! You've learned how to make command aliases in Bash! Have a great day everyone and let me know what I should write about next in the comments!

Installation

Because of the amount of install methods, I've taken the liberty of creating a separate article dedicated to installation methods.

Authentication

When you first try to run gh, it will ask you to authenticate with your GitHub account.

gh auth login

Select if you are authenticating with a GitHub Enterprise Server, or GitHub.com. In this tutorial, I will be authenticating with GitHub.com.

? What account do you want to log into?  [Use arrows to move, type to filter]
> GitHub.com
  GitHub Enterprise Server

Next, select if you wish to authenticate with a web browser, or with an authentication token. To keep it simple, I'll authenticate with a web browser.

? How would you like to authenticate?  [Use arrows to move, type to filter]
> Login with a web browser
  Paste an authentication token

Make sure to copy your one-time code before pressing "Enter" to open the authentication window.

! First copy your one-time code: <your code will be here>
- Press Enter to open github.com in your browser...

After entering your activation code, you will be brought to the OAuth page.

After authorizing, and confirming your password, you will be brought to this page.

Congratulations! You are now authenticated! Returning to the terminal, you will be greeted with this message.

✓ Authentication complete. Press Enter to continue...

One last thing!

? Choose default git protocol  [Use arrows to move, type to filter]
> HTTPS
  SSH

I'd recommend using HTTPS, since it's the most widely used protocol, so I'll be choosing it.

✓ Configured git protocol
✓ Logged in as onyxcode

Congrats! You're done setting up GitHub CLI!

Usage Examples

Full documentation at cli.github.com/manual.

• Create a public gist

gh gist create --public hello.py

• Clone a repository

gh repo clone onyxcode/hazy

• List issues for a repository

gh issue list -R Rapptz/discord.py

• Download latest release

gh release download -R microsoft/winget-cli

In closing

I hope you found this article helpful! If you did, share and like!

Windows

WinGet

winget install gh

scoop

scoop install gh

Chocolatey

choco install gh

MSI file

You can download the compiled MSI file from the releases page.

Linux

(Debian/Ubuntu) apt

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key C99B11DEB97541F0
sudo apt-add-repository https://cli.github.com/packages
sudo apt update
sudo apt install gh

(Fedora, CentOS, Red Hat Enterprise Linux) dnf

sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://cli.github.com/packages/rpm/gh-cli.repo
sudo dnf install gh

(openSUSE Linux) zypper

sudo zypper addrepo https://cli.github.com/packages/rpm/gh-cli.repo
sudo zypper ref
sudo zypper install gh

(Arch Linux) pacman

sudo pacman -S github-cli

(Android) Termux

pkg install gh

(Gentoo Linux) emerge

emerge -av github-cli

(Kiss Linux) kiss

kiss b github-cli && kiss i github-cli

snap

sudo snap install --edge gh && snap connect gh:ssh-keys

(Nix/NixOS) nix

nix-env -iA nixos.gitAndTools.gh

I am very curious and would like to know your opinion on what is considered "practical" for an application, and the reason behind it. I would love to build your ideas into apps!

Let me know in the comments!

Cover image by Chris Ried on Unsplash.

parkervcp and his team have no official install script for Pterodactyl. Stupidly, I went in search of unofficial install scripts, without realizing that most of them would be deployed on a fresh machine. Can you see where this is going?

It wiped all of my SQL databases. What did these databases contain you ask? Oh nothing, just about 10 domains worth of content including 2 forums and 6 WordPress installs. Stupid, I know. Luckily, all my previous articles, I had decided to publish on this website as well! Dev.to to the rescue!

In the aftermath, I decided that from now on, my articles will be published mainly on dev.to, with links to these articles on my website, onyxcode.net.

Bottom line, if the program doesn't have an installer, do it yourself. Don't go in search of unofficial methods. They could potentially contain malicious code, and you don't always know what deployment conditions they are meant for.

Thank you for coming to my TED talk.

This nameless exploit, labeled CVE-2020-17087, can be kryptonite to PCs running Windows 10 and 7 because it allows the attacker to elevate their user access level inside Windows.

Most cases of the exploit can be found used in connection with another bug in Google’s Chrome web browser which allowed the attackers to escape Chrome’s “sandbox” which could deploy and run malware on the host system. Fortunately, the bug involving Chrome has been fixed.

Ban Hawkes, the technical leader of Project Zero says that Microsoft plans to release a patch on the 10th of November. Microsoft themselves could not confirm this date but issued a statement saying in part: “Microsoft has a customer commitment to investigate reported security issues and update impacted devices to protect customers. While we work to meet all researchers’ deadlines for disclosures, including short-term deadlines like in this scenario, developing a security update is a balance between timeliness and quality, and our ultimate goal is to help ensure maximum customer protection with minimal customer disruption.”

However, the attacker’s motives are still unknown. Google’s threat intelligence director says the attacks were “targeted” but not related to the United States 2020 election.

The attacks were “very limited” according to a Microsoft spokesperson, and “no evidence to indicate widespread usage.” It’s yet another bug in the list of many to affect Windows this year. In January, the NSA helped find a “cryptographic bug”, but there was no evidence it was ever exploited.

Yet, in June and September, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security alerted to critical Windows bugs that included spread via internet and gaining elevated access to an entire Windows network.

1. Installing packages

Installing a package with Apt is pretty straightforward. First, you need the package name. Let’s use “sl” as an example. sl is a small Linux package that prints a moving steam locomotive across the screen when you type “sl” in the terminal. One thing to always remember. In most cases, unless you are logged in as “root”, you will need to type “sudo” before such a command, because it requires administrator privileges. With this information, to install a package, you need to type the following command:

sudo apt install sl

It should output something similar to this:

(Image on original post)

If it asks you if you wish to continue, press Y on your keyboard. Otherwise, if the output is similar to this, congratulations! You’ve successfully installed your first package with Apt! Type “sl” and press Enter to watch the steam locomotive go by. Choo choo!

Tip

Install multiple packages at once by adding a space between each package name.

2. Uninstalling packages

Uninstalling packages is just as easy as installing them. Instead of “install”, you simply replace it with “remove”. Let’s use our “sl” package from earlier as an example.

sudo apt remove sl

Your output should look something like this:

(Image on original post)

As before, if it asks you if you wish to continue, press Y on your keyboard. Otherwise, if the output is similar to this, congratulations! You’ve successfully removed a package with Apt!

3. Updating packages

With Apt, updating is a simple process, and it updates all installed packages at once. Simply run this command:

sudo apt full-upgrade

I won’t attach an image here because depending on how m any packages you have installed, the output can get quite lengthy. However, it will most likely ask for confirmation, so press Y on your keyboard when prompted. full-upgrade checks all mirrors for the latest version of each package and installs it if the mirror’s version number is higher than your system’s.

In conclusion

In this tutorial you learned you to install, uninstall and update packages with the Apt Package Manager. If you enjoyed this article, please comment and share!